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GLOSSARY
Blind Spots: Blind spots (scotomas) are dark "holes" in the visual field in which nothing can be seen.
Cataract: A steadily worsening disease of the eye in which the lens becomes cloudy as a result of the precipitation of proteins. Most cataracts are caused by the functions of the body breaking down. Eye trauma, such as from a puncture wound, may also result in cataracts.
Glaucoma: A disease of the eye characterized by vision loss due to an increase in the pressure of fluid within the eye. This rise in pressure results from a build-up of aqueous fluid and leads to progressive damage to the optic nerve that transmits visual signals to the brain. Over time, glaucoma can lead to a gradual loss in peripheral vision. There are usually no signs that you're developing glaucoma until vision loss occurs.
Hordeolum: A hordeolum is a bacterial infection of either the meibomian glands or ciliary glands (the glands of Zeis and Moll). If the latter are involved, the hordeolum is considered external and appears focal in nature. If the deeper meibomian glands are involved, the hordeolum is considered internal and is less circumscribed in appearance. Acute and chronic inflammation associated with hordeola, especially if improperly treated, may result in a granulomatous inflammation known as chalazia.
Iritis: An inflammation of the iris of the eye.
Macular Degeneration: Increasingly poor eyesight often accompanied by light sensitivity, distorted vision and a blank or dark patch in the center of vision.
Ptosis: A drooping of the eyelid(s).
Retina: A 10-layered, frail nervous tissue membrane of the eye, parallel with the optic nerve. It receives images of outer objects and carries sight signals through the optic nerve to the brain.