There are several different kinds of kidney cancer, but by far the most common is Renal Cell Cancer (RCC). Wilm’s Tumor (a childhood cancer) or Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis are other more rare types.
Early diagnosis of kidney cancer is important. As with most types of cancer, the earlier the tumor is discovered, the better a patient’s chances for survival. Tumors discovered at an early stage often respond well to treatment. Survival rates in such cases are high. Tumors that have grown large or spread through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to other parts of the body are more difficult to treat and present an increased risk for mortality.
According to the National Cancer Institute, the highest incidence of kidney cancer occurs in the United States, Canada, Northern Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. The lowest incidence is found in Thailand, China, and the Philippines.
In the United States, kidney cancer accounts for approximately 3% of all adult cancers. Kidney cancer occurs most often in people between the ages of 50 and 70, and affects men almost twice as often as women.
Once a diagnosis of renal cell cancer has been confirmed and the disease’s stage determined, physician and patient decide on a treatment plan. It is important that the patient and physician make an informed decision together after considering all possible options, side effects, and outcomes. A confident, positive outlook can help with the physical demands of surgery and/or therapy and can improve the chances for recovery.
A second opinion can provide additional information in the decision-making process. Some insurance companies require a second opinion before they approve payment for treatment.
Treatment options include the following:
* Surgery
* Radiation therapy
* Hormone therapy
* Biological or Immunotherapy
Two or more forms of treatment may be used in combination, such as surgery to remove a primary tumor followed by radiation treatment or chemotherapy to kill cancer cells that may remain in the body.
Signs, symptoms & indicators of Kidney Cancer
Having a slight/having a moderate/having a high fever
Risk factors for Kidney Cancer
History of kidney cancer
Kidney Cancer suggests the following may be present
Key
| Weak or unproven link |
| Strong or generally accepted link |
| Proven definite or direct link |
Glossary
Cancer
Refers to the various types of malignant neoplasms that contain cells growing out of control and invading adjacent tissues, which may metastasize to distant tissues.
Carcinoma
Malignant growth of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissue and giving rise to metastasis.
Lymphatic System
A network of vessels which collect fluid from the tissues of the body and return it to the blood. Lymphatic fluid (also called lymph) is rich in white blood cells that fight infection and an important part of the body's immune system.
Chemotherapy
A treatment of disease by any chemicals. Used most often to refer to the chemical treatments used to combat cancer cells.
Hormones
Chemical substances secreted by a variety of body organs that are carried by the bloodstream and usually influence cells some distance from the source of production. Hormones signal certain enzymes to perform their functions and, in this way, regulate such body functions as blood sugar levels, insulin levels, the menstrual cycle, and growth. These can be prescription, over-the-counter, synthetic or natural agents. Examples include adrenal hormones such as corticosteroids and aldosterone; glucagon, growth hormone, insulin, testosterone, estrogens, progestins, progesterone, DHEA, melatonin, and thyroid hormones such as thyroxine and calcitonin.
Immunotherapy
Techniques used to stimulate or strengthen a patient's own immune system.