Vinpocetine is derived from vincamine, the major alkaloid found in the periwinkle plant. Vinpocetine has been used orally for many years in Europe to enhance memory and mental function by:
- increasing the neuronal firing rate
- Improving blood supply to the brain
- Increasing oxygen and glucose use by the brain
- Improving brain tolerance to low oxygen levels
- Increasing ATP levels in the brain
- Reducing abnormal coagulation of blood
- Raising brain levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin
No toxic effects have been seen from vinpocetine use at levels far above therapeutic dosages, which are usually in the range of 5-20mg per day.